Ovarian Cyst Treatment: Symptoms and Diagnosis
Ovarian cysts, fluid-filled sacs on or within an ovary, are common among women and often asymptomatic. However, ovarian cyst treatment may be required when cysts cause discomfort or complications. Here’s an overview of how ovarian cysts are diagnosed and treated:
Diagnosis and Monitoring
Most ovarian cysts are discovered during routine pelvic examinations or imaging, such as ultrasounds. Symptoms, when present, may include pelvic pain, bloating, or irregular periods. According to the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG), most cysts resolve without intervention and require periodic monitoring, especially in premenopausal women, to assess changes in size or appearance.
Treatment Options
- Watchful Waiting: For functional cysts, which are common in younger women, the first line of management is often observation, with follow-up ultrasounds every few months.
- Medications: Hormonal contraceptives may be prescribed to prevent the formation of new cysts, but they do not treat existing ones.
- Surgical Intervention: Surgery may be required for cysts that are large, persistent, or causing severe symptoms. Minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy, are preferred to reduce recovery time. For complex cysts or suspected malignancy, a gynaecological oncologist may be involved in the treatment.
Importance of Early Intervention
In rare cases, ovarian cysts can indicate ovarian cancer. Early diagnosis is crucial, as early detection significantly improves survival rates, as Australian research continues to focus on improving diagnostic tools, such as blood tests for biomarkers, to enable earlier and more accurate detection of ovarian abnormalities.
For expert advice and personalised care, contact Dr Ed Gomez, an experienced obstetrician and gynaecologist committed to providing compassionate and effective women’s health services.
